Greece notes cont.

Mycenaean's

  • their influence began around 2000 BCE
  • Mycenae is located on a rocky ridge on Peloponnesus,  protected by a 20-foot thick wall
  • Mycenaean kings dominated Greece from 1600-1100 BCE
    • - controlled trade in the region
  • 1400 BCE-  Mycenaeans invaded Crete and absorbed Minoan culture (writing system, language, art, politics, literature, religion)
Trojan war 


  • Greeks have fought in many wars over time
  • Trojan War - fought around 1200 BCE
  • part of Greek mythology - until the 19th cent. most historians thought it was fictional because gods and goddesses got involved 
  • the goddesses Athena, Aphrodite, and Hera were given the “apple of discord”
  • Paris judged Aphrodite as “the fairest”
  • Aphrodite made Helen (who was married) fall in love with Paris, who took her back to Troy
  • sure… except a war was really fought in Troy! so…?
Dorian's

  •  around 1200 BCE the mysterious “sea people” began to invade Mycenae, and burnt palace after palace
  • so, the Dorians moved into this war-torn region, dominating from 1150 - 750 BCE
  • Dorians were far less advanced
    • the trade-based economy collapsed
    • writing disappeared for 400 years
    • talk about a culture in decline… except...
Homer 

  • Greek oral tradition - stories passed on by word of mouth
  • Homer lived at the end of these “Greek Dark Ages”
  • he composed stories (epics) of the Trojan War c. 750-700 BCE
  • The Iliad - possibly one of the last conquests of the Mycenaeans (the Trojan War)
  • The Odyssey - Odysseus attempts to return home after the Trojan War, being thwarted by the angry god of the sea, Poseidon
  • The Odyssey was 12,110 lines of dactylic hexameter

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