Rome pp 9-22
Tarquin's family and motives were all messed up. Tarquin’s grandfather dies, and for some reason his widow thought it was a good idea to his names Servius Tullias king, since she liked him more than her own sons. His daughters marry two brothers (Tarquin). Tullia (one of the daughter) kills her husband and sister leaving her to marry Tarquin. Tullia persuades Tarquin to seize the throne from her father. Tullia's father objects and Tarquin throws him into the street and then has him assassinated. Tarquin sends Tullia home for safety but if this whole situation was not bad enough she decides to , seizes the reins, when she sees her father in the street and drives her chariot over his corpse. Tarquin does not bury the body and assassinates senators who object. Tarquin’s son Sextus and his friends are drinking when Sextus rapes a matron, Lucretia with blackmail saying he will say he found her in the arms of a slave and kill her. She confesses the ordeal to her family, and commits suicide. Tarquin tried to sweep it all under the rug, but the people rose up against them and had thw whole family expelled from Rome. This all lead to the the people of Rome never having a king again.
Rule of kings is replaced by rule of two consuls which are elected officials. They serve one year terms, are always aristocrats (patricians), deal with justice, make law, command the army and one consul could veto the other. Fifth century bce. patrician dominance of the government was challenged by the plebs (“people”), and the plebs were 98% of the population. Plebs were victims of discriminatory decisions in judicial trials because Rome had no actual laws, just unwritten customs and patricians could interpret these to their own advantage. Plebs refused to serve in the military until laws were written out (The Law of the Twelve Tables), these laws (on tablets) were posted in public (in 450 BCE), and tribunes (“tribal leaders”) were elected. They had democracy with the people’s assembly and the tribunes, aristocracy with the Senate who had approx. 300 members, and monarchy in the consuls. Rome and the U.S.A both have three branches of government: executive, legislative, judicial, and both have a legal code. Executive branch in Rom had, two consuls, one year terms, each has veto power, controls the military, and could appoint a dictator in a crisis for a six-month term. Executive in U.S.A has President (plus VP), four year terms, can veto proposed laws, and is Commander-in-Chief of the military. Legislative in Rome had a Senate of aristocrats and were members for life, They Also had Assemblies (either Centuriate or Tribal) with 193 members (later 373) and were members for life. Is U.S.A legislative branch has Senate with 100 senators (two from each state) and a six-year term. They also had a House of Representatives with 435 members based on population with two-year terms. In Rome the judicial branch had Praetors chosen by the Centuriate Assembly who served one-year terms. U.S.A has a judicial system with a Supreme Court
that has nine members who serve lifetime terms and are appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate. The leagl system of Rome consists of the Twelve Tables publicly displayed in the Forum
that gave rights to plebeians, not just aristocrats, but only protected free-born male citizens. The legal code in the U.S.A is the bill of rights which is the first ten amendments to the Constitution that guarantees all rights to all citizens.
Rule of kings is replaced by rule of two consuls which are elected officials. They serve one year terms, are always aristocrats (patricians), deal with justice, make law, command the army and one consul could veto the other. Fifth century bce. patrician dominance of the government was challenged by the plebs (“people”), and the plebs were 98% of the population. Plebs were victims of discriminatory decisions in judicial trials because Rome had no actual laws, just unwritten customs and patricians could interpret these to their own advantage. Plebs refused to serve in the military until laws were written out (The Law of the Twelve Tables), these laws (on tablets) were posted in public (in 450 BCE), and tribunes (“tribal leaders”) were elected. They had democracy with the people’s assembly and the tribunes, aristocracy with the Senate who had approx. 300 members, and monarchy in the consuls. Rome and the U.S.A both have three branches of government: executive, legislative, judicial, and both have a legal code. Executive branch in Rom had, two consuls, one year terms, each has veto power, controls the military, and could appoint a dictator in a crisis for a six-month term. Executive in U.S.A has President (plus VP), four year terms, can veto proposed laws, and is Commander-in-Chief of the military. Legislative in Rome had a Senate of aristocrats and were members for life, They Also had Assemblies (either Centuriate or Tribal) with 193 members (later 373) and were members for life. Is U.S.A legislative branch has Senate with 100 senators (two from each state) and a six-year term. They also had a House of Representatives with 435 members based on population with two-year terms. In Rome the judicial branch had Praetors chosen by the Centuriate Assembly who served one-year terms. U.S.A has a judicial system with a Supreme Court
that has nine members who serve lifetime terms and are appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate. The leagl system of Rome consists of the Twelve Tables publicly displayed in the Forum
that gave rights to plebeians, not just aristocrats, but only protected free-born male citizens. The legal code in the U.S.A is the bill of rights which is the first ten amendments to the Constitution that guarantees all rights to all citizens.
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